Individual Differences and Their Measurement: A Review of 100 Years of Research Paul Sackett, Filip Lievens, and Nathan Kuncel This article reviews 100 years of research on individual differences and their measurement, with a focus on research published in the Journal of Applied Psychology. We focus on three major individual differences domains: (1) knowledge, skill, […]
Study Alerts
STUDY ALERT: Reasoning on the Autism Spectrum: A Dual Process Theory Account
Reasoning on the Autism Spectrum: A Dual Process Theory Account Mark Brosnan • Marcus Lewton • Chris Ashwin Abstract Dual process theory proposes two distinct reasoning processes in humans, an intuitive style that is rapid and automatic and a deliberative style that is more effortful. However, no study to date has specifically examined these reasoning […]
STUDY ALERT: A Systematic Review of Personality Trait Change Through Intervention
A Systematic Review of Personality Trait Change Through Intervention Brent W. Roberts, Jing Luo, Daniel A. Briley, Philip I. Chow, Rong Su, and Patrick L. Hill The current meta-analysis investigated the extent to which personality traits changed as a result of intervention, with the primary focus on clinical interventions. We identified 207 studies that had […]
STUDY ALERT: What grades and achievement tests measure
What grades and achievement tests measure Lex Borghansa, Bart H. H. Golsteyna, James J. Heckman, and John Eric Humphriesc Intelligence quotient (IQ), grades, and scores on achievement tests are widely used as measures of cognition, but the correlations among them are far from perfect. This paper uses a variety of datasets to show that personality […]
STUDY ALERT: White Matter Correlates of Psychosis-Linked Traits Support Continuity Between Personality and Psychopathology
White Matter Correlates of Psychosis-Linked Traits Support Continuity Between Personality and Psychopathology Rachael Grazioplene, Robert Chavez, Aldo Rustichini, and Colin DeYoung The link between diagnoses of psychotic disorders and attenuated white matter connectivity is well established, but little is known about the degree to which similar white matter differences predict traits linked to psychosis-proneness in […]
STUDY ALERT: The Validity and Structure of Mating Intelligence
THE VALIDITY AND STRUCTURE OF MATING INTELLIGENCE GLENN GEHER, SCOTT BARRY KAUFMAN, JUSTIN R. GARCIA, JAMES C. KAUFMAN AND BLAIR BRYANT DAWSON Abstract. Mating Intelligence (MI) is a hypothesized constellation of mental adaptations that generate adaptive strategies in human mating (Geher & Miller, 2008). Although past research has theoretically explored and empirically evaluated the construct, […]
STUDY ALERT: Clarity of mind: Structural equation modeling of associations between dispositional mindfulness, self-concept clarity and psychological well-being
STUDY ALERT: Clarity of mind: Structural equation modeling of associations between dispositional mindfulness, self-concept clarity and psychological well-being Adam W. Hanley, PhD ⁎, Eric L. Garland, PhD Clear self-concept beliefs are thought to be fundamental for well-being; and, mindfulness is believed to be inti- mately linked with beliefs about the self and well-being. Self-concept clarity […]
STUDY ALERT: Self-compassion decreases acceptance of own immoral behaviors
Self-compassion decreases acceptance of own immoral behaviors Xue Wang, Zhansheng Chen, Kai-Tak Poon, Fei Teng, Shenghua Jin Self-compassion, which is a kind attitude toward oneself, has been well documented to promote psychological health. This research extended the literature by examining how self-compassion would predict the acceptance of one’s own immoral behavior. Study 1 recruited participants […]
STUDY ALERT: Examining the influence of mind wandering and metacognition on creativity in university and vocational students
Examining the influence of mind wandering and metacognition on creativity in university and vocational students David D. Preiss , Diego Cosmelli, Valeska Grau, Dominga Ortiz We examined the relationship between mind wandering, metacognition and creativity in 116 university and 117 vocational Chilean students. They took a test of divergent thinking, a test of creative problem […]
STUDY ALERT: How does creative giftedness differ from academic giftedness? A multidimensional conception
Giftedness is a multifaceted concept that involves a wide range of inputs and outputs. Hence, there are many theories suggesting a multidimensionality of giftedness. The aim of the present paper is (a) to position giftedness in terms of the processes involved and (b) to propose a multidimensional conception in order to differentiate creative and academic […]
STUDY ALERT: Mind-wandering as spontaneous thought: a dynamic framework
Mind-wandering as spontaneous thought: a dynamic framework Kalina Christoff, Zachary C. Irving, Kieran C. R. Fox, R. Nathan Spreng and Jessica R. Andrews-Hanna Most research on mind-wandering has characterized it as a mental state with contents that are task unrelated or stimulus independent. However, the dynamics of mind-wandering — how mental states change over time […]
STUDY ALERT: Openness to Experience Rather Than Overexcitabilities: Call It Like It Is
Openness to Experience Rather Than Overexcitabilities: Call It Like It Is M. Alexandra Vuyk, Thomas S. Krieshok, and Barbara A. Kerr Openness to experience is a personality factor in the five-factor model of personality, and it is composed of six facets. Facets of openness appear conceptually analogous to overexcitabilities (OEs), which are displays of inner […]