Cognitive training works. But does it work equally well for all people? A new study suggests that the effectiveness of working memory training depends heavily on personality. Barbara Studer-Luethi and her colleagues focused on two personality traits in particular—neuroticism and conscentiousness. Neurotic people are anxious and emotionally unstable, whereas conscientious folks are persistent, hardworking, and self-disciplined. How are these traits related to cognitive training?